Metodología digital para detectar áreas vulnerables a las inundaciones en zonas urbanas situadas en la montaña

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Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56845/rebs.v4i2.73

Palabras clave:

modelo digital del terreno, mapa de inundaciones, llanura inundable, sistema de información geográfica, río

Resumen

El riesgo de inundaciones en ciudades cercanas a los cauces de los ríos es una preocupación latente, especialmente durante la temporada de lluvias. Un caso específico es el de Misantla, ubicada en el Estado de Veracruz-México, donde las inundaciones ya han causado daños sociales y económicos. Para la prevención de inundaciones, este estudio propone una metodología digital basada en los softwares especializados ArcGIS, HEC-RAS y HEC-GeoRAS, tomando como caso de estudio las áreas urbanas ubicadas en zonas montañosas de Misantla, Veracruz; asimismo, se utilizaron modelos hidrodinámicos apoyados en estudios de campo y el uso de sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) para conocer las zonas vulnerables. La simulación muestra las zonas probables de inundación y los niveles máximos de profundidad que pueden alcanzar los caudales en eventos extraordinarios de lluvia, lo cual es un elemento importante para la evaluación de riesgos. Al pronosticar las zonas inundables, las resoluciones espaciales utilizadas también repercuten directamente en la mitigación de los daños causados por las inundaciones. El estudio da como resultado un mapa de riesgo que muestra los sectores de la población más vulnerables al problema de las inundaciones e información para el diseño de obras de protección. En la ciudad de Misantla, el caso de este estudio, el mapa de riesgo simulado muestra que el 57,3 % de la superficie de la ciudad, en particular la zona centro, está en riesgo de inundación.

Biografía del autor/a

Mayerlin Sandoval-Herazo, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Misantla

PhD student

Citas

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Publicado

2022-11-28

Cómo citar

Zamora-Castro, S. A., Nani-González, G. E., Sangabriel-Lomelí, J., Sandoval-Herazo, M., Rivera, S., & Sandoval-Herazo, L. C. (2022). Metodología digital para detectar áreas vulnerables a las inundaciones en zonas urbanas situadas en la montaña. Renewable Energy, Biomass & Sustainability, 4(2), 10–23. https://doi.org/10.56845/rebs.v4i2.73

Número

Vol. 4 Núm. 2 (2022)

Sección

Articles

Licencia

Derechos de autor 2022 Sergio Aurelio Zamora-Castro, Graciela Nani, Joaquín Sangabriel-Lomelí, Mayerlin Sandoval-Herazo, Saúl Rivera, Luis Carlos Sandoval-Herazo

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.