Detección de Glucosa a Través del Aliento: Una Alternativa no Invasiva, Renovable y Sustentable
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https://doi.org/10.56845/terys.v5i2.698Palabras clave:
glucosa, sensor, óxido metálicoResumen
La diabetes constituye uno de los principales desafíos de salud pública a nivel mundial debido a su creciente prevalencia, las complicaciones asociadas y los elevados costos para los sistemas de salud. El monitoreo continuo de la glucosa es fundamental para el control de la enfermedad; sin embargo, los métodos convencionales se basan principalmente en técnicas invasivas que requieren consumibles desechables y generan residuos biomédicos de forma constante. Por ello, las tecnologías de diagnóstico no invasivo han surgido como alternativas con potencial para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes y contribuir al desarrollo de sistemas de atención más sostenibles. Entre las diferentes alternativas para el monitoreo no invasivo de enfermedades, el análisis del aliento humano ha despertado un gran interés debido a la presencia de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV) que pueden actuar como biomarcadores metabólicos. Dentro de estos compuestos, la acetona destaca por su relación con el metabolismo de la glucosa, lo que la convierte en uno de los biomarcadores más relevantes para el seguimiento de la diabetes. En este contexto, los sensores de gases basados en óxidos metálicos nanoestructurados, especialmente aquellos desarrollados a partir de SnO2, han mostrado avances importantes en sensibilidad, estabilidad, portabilidad y costo. De esta manera, la incorporación de nanotecnologías y películas delgadas ha impulsado la fabricación de dispositivos más compactos, con menor consumo energético y facilitando el diseño de dispositivos portátiles para aplicaciones de salud. En esta revisión se presentan los avances recientes en sensores para la detección de acetona en el aliento y se analiza su contribución al desarrollo de tecnologías más sustentables, al disminuir la generación de residuos biomédicos, optimizar el consumo de energía y favorecer el acceso al monitoreo de la diabetes en comunidades con recursos limitados.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Edna Carina de la Cruz-Terrazas, Fabio Chalé-Lara, Josefina López Quezada, Rogelio Ortega-Izaguirre
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