Biodegradar para No Contaminar: El Futuro de los Plásticos

Zeltzin Danae Ruvalcaba-Aroche; Isabel de la Luz Membrillo-Venegas; Gastón Martínez-de Jesús; Hugo Beatriz-Cuellar

doi:10.56845/terys.v4i1.478

Autores/as

Zeltzin Danae Ruvalcaba-Aroche Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Ecatepec https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9125-5403
Isabel de la Luz Membrillo-Venegas Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Ecatepec https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1614-6736
Gastón Martínez-de Jesús Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Ecatepec https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1707-1502
Hugo Beatriz-Cuellar Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Ecatepec https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9601-7031

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56845/terys.v4i1.478

Palabras clave:

biodegradación, plásticos, microorganismos, contaminación, medio ambiente

Resumen

Hoy en día, la producción y acumulación de plásticos a nivel mundial constituye un problema ambiental de gran relevancia, con impactos negativos tanto en la salud humana como en los ecosistemas marinos. Además, la eliminación de los plásticos genera químicos tóxicos y microplásticos, entre otros efectos negativos. Por ello, este artículo de divulgación científica describe los principales tipos, características y aplicaciones de los plásticos más utilizados en la actualidad, los métodos tradicionales para su eliminación, y los aspectos más relevantes de la biodegradación de plásticos. En este contexto, un proceso de biodegradación de plásticos es un método prometedor mediante el cual hongos, bacterias o microalgas descomponen el plástico, transformándolo en sustancias más simples y menos perjudiciales para el medio ambiente. Finalmente, investigar nuevas metodologías para la degradación o eliminación de plásticos, que generen la menor cantidad posible de productos nocivos y contribuyan a reducir los niveles de contaminación, es fundamental para avanzar hacia una industria más sustentable y respetuosa con el medio ambiente.

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Biodegradar para No Contaminar: El Futuro de los Plásticos

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